什么是ISO9000和ISO14000？

<p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px">来源：互联网</span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> </span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">是国际标准化组织（</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">International Organization for Standardization</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">）的英文缩写，它是由全球</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">50</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">多个国家标准机构组成的国际联盟。</span></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> </span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">在</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1987</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年推出全球公认的质量管理体系</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">——ISO9000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">系列标准。其标准包括三种质量保证模式：</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9001</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9002</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9003</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">，各企业可根据自己的实际情况选择采用。其中以</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9001</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">和</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9002</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">应用最为广泛。然而在</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">2000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年正式公布后，取消了</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9002</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">和</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9003</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">，只有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9001</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">一项质量管理体系要求的标准，通用于所有产品</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">服务及不同规模的组织。通过</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO9000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">质量体系认证可全面提高企业管理水平，提高工作效率和降低质量成本，提高企业综合形象和产品的可信度。</span></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> </span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14000<span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">系列标准是由国际标准化组织（</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">）第</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">207</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">技术委员会（</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO/TC207</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">）组织制定的环境管理体系标准，其标准号从</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">14001</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">至</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">14100</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">，共</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">100</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">个标准号，统称为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">系列标准。它是顺应国际环境保护的发展，依据国际经济贸易发展的需要而制定的。目前正式颁布的有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14004</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14004</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14010</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14011</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14012</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14040</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">等</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">个标准，其中</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Times New Roman; FONT-SIZE: 20px">ISO14001</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px">是系列标准的核心标准，也是唯一可用于第三方认证的标准。</span></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> </span></p><p></p>