<p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 20px">来源:中华心理教育网</span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em; MARGIN: 15px 0px; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 20px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">曾有这么一件轰动全国的大血案,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1995</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">月</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">31</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">日,福州市发生一起罕见的暴力犯罪案件:吸毒人员陈旺、高升与林昌清等,因吸毒过量失去控制,持散弹枪在福州市劫持汽车</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">辆,沿途乱撞并疯狂地向政法干警和群众开枪射击,造成死伤</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">23</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人的我国吸毒人员因吸毒过量造成危害最严重的案例;曾有这么一次震惊世界的扫毒大行动,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1992</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">8</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">月</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">31</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">日,我警方在云南省的平远地区,开展了一次空前规模的扫毒行动,历时</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">83</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">天,共抓获贩毒贩枪犯罪分子</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">854</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人,收缴毒品</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">900</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">多公斤,没收毒资、赃款</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1047</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">万元,美元</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">5000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">元,并缴获了大批枪支、弹药、住房、汽车等犯罪工具。在对犯罪分子处理时,共判处死刑</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人,判处有期徒刑</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">80</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">多人;曾有资料显示,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1988</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年首次公布的全国吸毒人数为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">万人,以后逐年递增。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1997</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年底,我国登记在册的吸毒人数为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">54</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">万人;曾有吸毒者这样描述毒瘾发作时的感受:好像千万只蚂蚁在骨头里乱窜,奇疼奇痒,生不如死,一旦放开了毒品的门,就等于挖好了自己的坟墓。有资料显示:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1991</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">月</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">26</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">日在纪念国际禁毒日之际,云南省司法机关依法处决罪大恶极的贩毒分子</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">70</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1991</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年一年,我司法机关共抓获毒品犯罪分子</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">18479</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名,其中被逮捕的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">8080</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名,判处刑罚的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">5285</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名(其中判处无期、缓刑、死刑的有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">866</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名)。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1992</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年一年,我司法机关共逮捕毒品犯罪分子</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">7025</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人,依法判处刑罚的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">6588</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人,其中判处死刑(含死缓)和无期徒刑的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1354</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1995</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年一年,我司法机关依法逮捕毒品犯罪分子</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">12990</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名,依法判处刑罚的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">9801</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名,其中判处死刑(含死缓)和无期徒刑的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">2042</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">名。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">……</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">法律对毒品犯罪的严厉打击和吸毒的严重后果均说明了这样的事实:吸毒是为自己挖掘坟墓,贩毒是自己走向刑场。那么如上述数据显示的为何还有那么多人心甘情愿地走向自我毁灭呢?是怎样的心理驱使他们</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">前仆后继、视死如归</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">呢?带着这个问题,笔者进行了苦苦的思索和认真的研究,在此半粗略甚至是浅显的研究所得提供给同仁,以求抛砖引玉。</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">?<br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> 一、贩毒者的心理活动</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">?<br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> (一)挡不住的诱惑</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">-</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">毒品暴利</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">?<br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> 马克思曾经有个这样一句名言:只要能够获得</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">300%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">的利润,就会有人甘冒杀头的风险。有资料显示:一盎司可卡因在美国毒品市场上可卖到</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">8000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">至</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">10000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">美元,是黄金价格的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">20</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">多倍。每公斤海洛因,在产地阿富汗为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">750</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">美元,运到边境,价格便翻上二三倍,达到</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">2000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">美元。到了巴基斯坦的卡拉奇,身价再次提高,达到</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">5000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">美元。到伊朗、土耳其时,身价增至</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">7000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">美元。到了欧洲毒品集散地布达佩斯,价格一下猛涨至</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">35000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">美元。如果能安全偷运到巴黎或其他消费地,便可卖到</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">150000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">美元,甚至高达百万美元。因为暴利的诱惑,毒品买卖越来越火爆,每年交易额居高不下,已经突破</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">5000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">亿美元,相当于世界贸易总额的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">9%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">,其生意之兴隆是诸如石油、钢铁、汽车这些世界性支柱产业望尘莫及的,当今,唯有军火买卖尚可与之一争雌雄,毒品</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">买卖</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">已成为全球第二笔大</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">生意</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">。因此,已经有不少人将贩毒看成是</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">快致富</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">的捷径,父子相随,夫妻相伴、兄弟为伍。宁夏同心县就出现了若干</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">贩毒专业村</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">,有一家兄弟</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人全部以贩毒为业,其中有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">5</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">人被逮捕判刑(其中二人判死刑),剩下一个小弟弟又携其寡母</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">上了战场</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">。毒品暴利的诱惑,已使很多意志薄弱者顾不得</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">生意</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">是合法还是违法?甚至是犯罪?毒品暴利的驱动使很多胆大妄为者和谨小慎微者都敢于拎着脑袋干</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">买卖</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">。如四川凉山彝族自治州,出现大批彝民成群结伙到成都、昆明、大理、保山等地贩毒,他们无身份证明,无正当职业,无生活来源,无固定居所,他们不仅视贩毒为生财之道,而且视贩毒为生存之本,已初步形成购毒、运毒、销毒一条龙网络,由过去的分散性贩毒,发展到以家族为主体的有组织的团伙贩毒。又如全国</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">27</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">个贫困县之一的宁夏回族自治区同心县,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1992</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年又一次出现外流贩毒高峰,外流贩毒人抱着</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">上前线、撇干饭,云南广州转,回来几十万,杀头也情愿</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">壮士一去不复返</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">的信念,与法律抗争,结果是截止</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">1997</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">年底,全县因贩毒被执行死刑的就有</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">100</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">多人,被判刑在押的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">600</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">多人。</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">?<br/><br/></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 20px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px"> (二)挺而走险的秘密</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">-</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">毒品犯罪查获率不可能很高</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 20px">?</span></span></span></p><p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 3em"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica,sans-serif; FONT-SIZE: 20px"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">有资料显示,被缉毒部门查获的毒品数量,通常不会超过实际流通量的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">1/10.</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">由于下列诸原因,对于毒品犯罪查获率不可能很高,这正是许多贩毒者甘冒杀头风险的隐秘所在,也是贩毒者与一般人认识贩毒风险不一样的体验。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">1?</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">毒品犯罪与一般的普通刑事案件有一个很大的区别,就在于毒品犯罪没有直接可以去司法机关控告、检举的受害人,买卖毒品的双方都是在做</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">生意</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">,有利可图,一般情况下不会去主动投案,加之双方都明知这种买卖是违法犯罪,都很谨慎,也懂得隐蔽,如果没有可靠情报,破案率是不会很高的。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">2?</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">贩毒,是一个表现形式多样的犯罪行为,主要是以走私、贩运、销售、携带、藏匿等形式表现出来。司法实践表明,单个人实施毒品犯罪虽然并不少见,但从总体上看,其所占比例较小,更多的则是共同实施犯罪。究其原因,主要是毒品贩运一般距离较远,将毒品转化为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">商品</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">的环节较多,因而承担风险太大,如果没有他人协助,仅靠一人很难进行。有资料显示,我国毒品犯罪的基本特点是共同犯罪突出,而最危险的共同犯罪形式是专门从事走私贩毒的犯罪集团,这样的犯罪集团人数较多,少则几人,多则数十人上百人,其成员固定,有明显的首要分子进行策划和指挥,其组织较为严密,分工明确。各成员之间相互配合、相互衔接,又相互监督、相互牵制。一旦有人退出不干或泄露了内部秘密,往往遭到残酷的报复,不仅伤害其本人,还会累及其家人,发现有成员已暴露时,则迅速采取果断措施掐断侦查线索。这样,就使其完成犯罪的有效性和逃避打击的可能性,大大高于以其他形式结合的共同犯罪。在这样的贩毒集团的犯罪分子,一方面深切感到</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">组织</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">安全</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">放心大胆地干,频频作案,另一方面又深切感到</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">组织</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">威力</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">谨小慎微地干,不易被侦破。这样的贩毒集团当然是刑法打击的重点,在司法机关的严厉打击下,贩毒的风险加大,为了保证贩毒活动能够得逞,毒贩们越来越多地随身携带武器,甚至雇用或自组非法武装,依托暴力抗拒缉毒,这也给侦破毒品犯罪带来了很大的阻力和危险。加之,在科学技术快速发展的今天,毒品犯罪分子虽然没有完全舍弃传统的犯罪伎俩,但在更多情形下,利用各种现代化手段,以隐蔽、快速、安全地实施毒品犯罪活动,已成主要趋势。如有的毒贩将毒品溶解于饮料、食品中,或掺杂于其他材料中制成浴盆、碗碟以及橡胶塑料制品;有的通过特殊方法将毒品与油画颜料混合制成油画、入境后再提炼还原等等。利用高科技手段贩毒,使犯罪分子更容易逃避打击,无疑加大了缉毒的难度。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 二、吸毒者的心理活动</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 要对吸毒者的心理活动作比较透彻的分析,就应当了解吸毒者的年龄、职业、文化等情况,因为这些因素要么直接要么间接地左右着吸毒者的心理。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 有资料显示,我国吸毒人员中</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">83?6%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">是</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">35</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">岁以下的青少年,这与他们特有的心理状态有着直接关系。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 首先,是好奇心理的驱使。青少年时期,对新鲜事物,对自己不曾涉及的东西都有一种猎奇的心理,当听人说毒品能</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">通体舒泰</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">,享尽</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">天福</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">,能</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">飘飘似仙</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">,就千方百计找毒品尝试,结果往往是一试成瘾不能自拔。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 其次,对毒品无知。中华人民共和国</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">1997</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">年刑法第</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">357</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">条明确规定:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">本法所称的毒品是指鸦片、海洛因、甲基笨丙胺(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">冰</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">毒)、吗啡、大麻、可卡因以及国家规定管制的其他能够使人形成瘾癖的麻醉药品。法定意义的毒品具有非法性、危害性和药物依赖性(成瘾性)。青少年时期,他们的书本知识和社会知识都不曾有过关于毒品知识的内容,毒品对他们而言是相当陌生的,很多人是在根本不了解毒品危害的情况下染上毒瘾的。如有的女孩听说:吸粉能够减肥,竟信以为真,结果染上毒瘾</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 第三,逆反心理。电视台、广播电台、报刊等媒体对毒品、吸毒一般都是持否定的评价,宣传的都是其危害和负面影响,学校、家长一般都是提醒学生和孩子要注意远离毒品、珍爱生命等,有的青少年因不健康的逆反心态使然,对正面教育听不进,</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">你不让我干的事我偏要干</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">。几个伙伴在一起尝试毒品,结果不能自拔。如有一医科大学毕业的女生,分配在某医院当戒毒医师。毫不相信已被科学证明了的人对毒品的依赖性是不可征服的,想亲口尝尝这</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">梨子</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">的味道,结果一试便成瘾,最后发展到与丈夫离婚,卖光所有家具和家电,沿街</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">卖笑</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">境地。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 第四,认同心理。青少年吸毒,许多是由于经不住他人劝诱。青少年涉世未深,在他们的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">哥们</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">或</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">姐们</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">之中,往往相互仿效,以示同群合伍。许多吸毒青少年都是看别人吸自己才吸的。广西公安机关破获一个</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">名吸毒少年组成的抢劫、盗窃团伙,年龄最大的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">14</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">岁,最小的才</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">12</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">岁。他们相互影响,因吸毒成瘾而辍学,后来发展到为筹毒资而大肆抢劫、盗窃,先后作案</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">70</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">余起,所获钱财大部分用于吸毒。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">?</span><br/><br/><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px"> 有资料显示,从吸毒人员的职业上看,各地情况不完全一样,但大致呈现趋向是:无业人员、个体经商人员和农民居多。这些人员整体文化层次偏低,对毒品的了解甚微,加之漫游闲散没有一个规范其行为的客观环境,对吸毒行为的认同心理强烈,甚至认为毒品能使他们有所寄托,能够从中受到刺激使他们原本空虚的精神世界和颓废思想获得满足和充实。更有一些</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">大款</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">竟将向朋友赠送</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">白粉</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">视为最高礼遇,以示自己的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">“</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">富贵</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Simsun; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">”</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; BACKGROUND: #f4f9fe; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 13px">。</span></span></p><p></p>